This is why it's better to hook up with a non-blood related stranger with the ..

[theking]

same last name or not than hooking up with a blood related family member with the same last name or not. The people that continue to put their kids at "double" the risk on purpose due to primitive "cultural" reasons should pay the difference or more for the additional medical/treatment cost to treat their "abnormal" kids. Perhaps even criminal charges as those poor babies have no say at all to be born like that. I'm glad that primitive BS is illegal here, and other developed countries. Hope countries that have not made it illegal will catch on soon for the sake of the babies being born to blood related couples:



Risk of birth defect doubles for cousin couples -study

LONDON (Reuters) - Children whose parents are cousins run more than double the risk of being born with a congenital abnormality, although the overall rate of such birth defects remains low, according to new research findings.

A large study in a British city with a large Pakistani community, where marriage between blood relatives is fairly common, found that so-called consanguineous parents accounted for more than 30 percent of birth defects in babies of Pakistani origin.

Researchers said the findings were important evidence for use in educating populations that accept and sanction cousin marriages - including Amish, Kurdish, Romany and other relatively closed communities - about the potential risks for children's health.

Birth defects, also known as congenital abnormalities, can range from relatively minor problems such as extra fingers or toes through to more life-threatening problems such as holes in the heart or brain development disorders.

Experts estimate more than a billion people worldwide live in communities where blood-relative marriage is a cultural norm.

"Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small," said Eamonn Sheridan, a senior lecturer in clinical genetics at the University of Leeds who co-led the study and presented its results at a briefing in London.

He added that this still means 96 percent of blood-relative couples are likely to have babies with no birth defects: "It's important to note that the vast majority of babies born to couples who are blood relatives are absolutely fine."

PREVENTABLE

Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011.

The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent.

Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages.

Neil Small, a professor of Health Research at the University of Bradford who worked with Sheridan on the study, said he hoped the robust evidence provided by the study would prove useful in raising awareness among communities across the world.

"At the heart of all this are children who are born with often very distressing illnesses that can create both misery in themselves and anguish in the families," he said.

"Many of these things are preventable and we hope that what our study does is contribute to a debate that means in the future, some of them will be."

Responding to the study's findings, Hamish Spencer, a professor of zoology at New Zealand's University of Otago who has previously researched consanguineous marriage, said they were important because there are significant public health consequences in places with higher rates of birth defects.

"Awareness of the risks to the children of cousin marriage needs to be increased but in a culturally sensitive way," he said in an emailed comment.

[duckwingduck]

I read an article about a guy who donate sperms to thousands of women.  The problem if their children may ended up marrying one another since the donor is never revealed.  These kids will grow not knowing who their fathers.

[HUNG TU LO]

Immediate physical birth defects as a result of blood kin sex is still relatively low. As you can see in the "BiB" statistics, the birth defect rate is "approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent". It's not like birth defects of consanguineous couples is an astounding rate of 25%. Obviously, though, we will want to educate and authorities may even want to legally intervene in cultures and communities that promote, coerce, and support consanguineous sexual relationships.

Not saying all of our farther cousins are now fair game come Friday night at the bar/club, but I'm just stating the fact that immediate physical birth defects in a consanguineous couple is still fairly low. It's not like two cousins hook up and you get a 50% chance of defects.

That's why here in Minnesota, incest sexual relations are only considered illegal when you have sex with a blood-related kin closer than a first cousin. Meaning you can have consentual sex (of consentual age of course) with first cousins here in Minnesota. In New Jersey, there are no laws on incest as long as indivduals are consenting adults. Yes, that means in NJ, any adult person is fair game - even your own mother or sister  .

Obviously, if birth defects from incest relations were as horrid as hearsay, oral accounts, and movies make them out to be, there wouldn't be state laws regarding incest. There would be federal laws covering all the states and they would probably make it a felony as well. We have over 300 million people here in USA so why anyone would settle for a family member is beyond me.